Louisiana · Insurance Adjuster Sample Interactive Mind Map
Louisiana Adjuster Regulations
A visual breakdown of the Louisiana rules an adjuster is tested on — including the two-generation citation trap, the seven PSI examinations and the scaled-or-raw 70, the twenty-two statutory standards of conduct, the 2024 merger of the bad-faith statute into R.S. 22:1892, and the direct action rule that now says the opposite of its reputation.
Louisiana asks more of a claims adjuster than almost any other state, and it changes the rules more often. It licenses company and staff adjusters as well as independents, splits them across two Parts of the Insurance Code — claims adjusters at R.S. 22:1661–1678, public adjusters at 22:1691–1708 — and publishes seven PSI adjuster examinations rather than one. The flagship Series 204 runs 150 questions in 160 minutes, and nearly a quarter of it is Louisiana law alone. Louisiana is also one of the few states that writes an adjuster's duties into statute: R.S. 22:1674.1 carries twenty-two standards of conduct that must be acknowledged at issuance and at every renewal, enforced as unfair trade practices — though subsection (D) gives no private right of action.
But the reason to study Louisiana from current text rather than from a manual is that the law you find when you go looking is very often law that has been repealed or renumbered. Acts 2008, No. 415 renumbered the whole of Title 22 effective 1 January 2009 — and then Acts 2024, No. 3 repealed R.S. 22:1973, the bad-faith statute every practitioner cites, effective 1 July 2024, folding the duty into R.S. 22:1892(I) and (J). So a source citing §22:1220 is two generations stale and a source citing §22:1973 is one — and both return real, findable, authoritative-looking material. The merger was not a straight transplant either: damages narrowed to economic damages only, the penalty fell from twice the damages to fifty percent or $5,000, the sixty-day yardstick became a floating cross-reference, and statutory bad faith on a life policy disappeared entirely.
Two more Louisiana answers run against the state's own reputation. The direct action statute inverted on 1 August 2024: R.S. 22:1269 now provides that an injured person “shall have no right of direct action against the insurer unless at least one of the following applies,” with seven exceptions — and exception (g) is opened by the adjuster's own coverage decision, because defending under a reservation of rights or denying coverage is what unlocks it. And the official statute site is a full legislative session behind, current only through 2025, so for anything from the 2026 session you must read the act rather than the statute page — which is how Act 372, a duty binding every adjuster since 1 August 2026, is missed by almost every summary, and why its own caption misdescribes it. Click through the clusters, then take the scenario quiz and see which traps have stuck.
In Louisiana, the law you find when you go looking is very often law that has been repealed or renumbered.
A citation here can fail in two independent ways, and the second one is invisible. Learn to tell whether what you are reading is still law before you learn anything else about the state.
A citation here can fail in two independent ways, and the second one is invisible. Learn to tell whether what you are reading is still law before you learn anything else about the state.
THE OFFICIAL STATUTE SITE STATES ITS OWN CURRENCY — AND IT IS A FULL SESSION BEHIND“Laws have been updated through the 2025 First Extraordinary Session.” ⚠ So the ENTIRE 2026 Regular Session is missing from the statute pages. For anything from 2026, read the act document, not the statute page.
| Proof, three ways plus a control | What it shows | The tell |
|---|---|---|
| R.S. 22:1311(F)(2) | STALE | Still reads “thirty-day written notice of cancellation” though Act 848 of 2026 made it sixty. History ends “Acts 2024, No. 625.” |
| R.S. 22:1892 | STALE | History ends at Acts 2025, No. 500 — no sign of Act 932 of 2026, which added a whole subsection. |
| R.S. 22:1921 | STALE | History ends at 2022 — no sign of Act 32 of 2026. |
| ✅ R.S. 32:866 | CURRENT | Carries “Acts 2025, No. 16, §1.” The control — the site IS current through 2025, and the gap is exactly 2026. |
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Currency is PER SECTION — and the disclaimer is on the page you are least likely to read
§22:1892's page carries 2025 acts. §22:868's page stops at 2020. A site-level “updated through” statement does not mean every page has been brought to that level. Check the history line at the foot of the section you are actually relying on.
⚠ And the site's own words — that its materials “are not official or authoritative” — appear on the LAW SEARCH page. The individual section pages, which are what you cite from, carry no disclaimer at all.
The page that looks most authoritative is the one that says least about its own reliability.
⚠ And the site's own words — that its materials “are not official or authoritative” — appear on the LAW SEARCH page. The individual section pages, which are what you cite from, carry no disclaimer at all.
The page that looks most authoritative is the one that says least about its own reliability.
⚠⚠ GENERATION ONE — THE 2008 RECODIFICATIONActs 2008, No. 415, effective 1 January 2009 renumbered the whole of Title 22. A history line reading “Redesignated from R.S. 22:XXX by Acts 2008, No. 415” is the marker.
| Old | New | What it is |
|---|---|---|
| 22:658 | 22:1892 | Payment and adjustment of claims |
| 22:695 | 22:1318 | Valued policy clause |
| 22:655 | 22:1269 | Direct action |
| 22:1220 | 22:1973 | Good faith — ⚠ and then REPEALED in 2024 |
| 22:1210.71–.87 | 22:1661–1678 | Claims Adjusters — one for one in order |
| 22:1210.91–.108 | 22:1691–1708 | Public Adjusters — one for one in order |
| ⚠ 22:1453 | ⚠ 22:1675 | THE OUTLIER. Payments to adjusters limited — not from the 1210 series. The one a mechanical concordance gets wrong. |
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GENERATION TWO — and this one is a REPEAL, not a renumber
La. R.S. 22:1973 — “Repealed by Acts 2024, No. 3, §2, eff. July 1, 2024.”
⚠ So the most-cited insurance statute in Louisiana has failed TWICE OVER:
• A source citing §22:1220 describes a section renumbered out of existence in 2009.
• A source citing §22:1973 describes a section repealed in 2024.
• Both return real, findable, authoritative-looking material. Neither is current law.
LDI publishes an official concordance table that translates the first hop — ⚠ and it carries no date stamp, so it tells you nothing about the second.
⚠ So the most-cited insurance statute in Louisiana has failed TWICE OVER:
• A source citing §22:1220 describes a section renumbered out of existence in 2009.
• A source citing §22:1973 describes a section repealed in 2024.
• Both return real, findable, authoritative-looking material. Neither is current law.
LDI publishes an official concordance table that translates the first hop — ⚠ and it carries no date stamp, so it tells you nothing about the second.
⚠ AND §22:1674 DID NOT BECOME §22:1674.1Acts 2021, No. 402 killed one section and enacted a differently numbered one, in the same instrument. Section 2 repealed §22:1674; section 1 enacted §22:1674.1. They are not the same provision renumbered. A student who assumes renumbering will misread every cross-reference written before 2021.
Two Parts, seven examinations, and twenty-two statutory standards you acknowledge at every renewal.
Part IV — Claims Adjusters — is R.S. 22:1661–1678 plus 1674.1. Part V — Public Adjusters — is R.S. 22:1691–1708. Louisiana licenses the insurer's own salaried staff, publishes seven adjuster examinations rather than one, and is the only state in this course that writes an adjuster's duties into the statute and makes you attest to them.
Part IV — Claims Adjusters — is R.S. 22:1661–1678 plus 1674.1. Part V — Public Adjusters — is R.S. 22:1691–1708. Louisiana licenses the insurer's own salaried staff, publishes seven adjuster examinations rather than one, and is the only state in this course that writes an adjuster's duties into the statute and makes you attest to them.
THE ENUMERATION PROVES WHERE EACH PART ENDSOn the official site the section pages run in sequence by document identifier. The identifier immediately after §22:1678 is §22:1691; the one immediately after §22:1708 is §22:1721 — the Reinsurance Intermediary Law. ⚠ So §§22:1679–1690 and §§22:1709–1720 do not exist, and there is no §22:1712. A negative proved by adjacent identifier beats a negative from a failed search.
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Louisiana licenses COMPANY and STAFF adjusters
§22:1663 carries the licensing requirement; §22:1662 carries the general exemptions; §22:1661 carries the definitions the exemptions are drafted against. Read them third, second, first.
⚠ The headline is what is ABSENT from §22:1662. Many states exempt an insurer's own salaried claims staff. Louisiana does not.
⚠ And §22:1662 was amended by Acts 2025, No. 29 — the same act that rewrote the CE sections — so an exemption list copied from a pre-2025 source is a year out of date.
There is also a narrower credential most descriptions omit: §22:1666, the limited claims adjuster license.
⚠ The headline is what is ABSENT from §22:1662. Many states exempt an insurer's own salaried claims staff. Louisiana does not.
⚠ And §22:1662 was amended by Acts 2025, No. 29 — the same act that rewrote the CE sections — so an exemption list copied from a pre-2025 source is a year out of date.
There is also a narrower credential most descriptions omit: §22:1666, the limited claims adjuster license.
| Series | Examination | Items | Time | Fee |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 204 | Property and Casualty Adjuster | 150 | 160 min | $36 |
| 201 | Automobile Adjuster | 60 | 70 min | $19 |
| 202 | Personal Lines Adjuster | 100 | 120 min | — |
| 203 | Commercial Lines Adjuster | 100 | 120 min | — |
| 205 | Crop Adjuster | 60 | 70 min | — |
| 206 | Workers Compensation Adjuster | 60 | 70 min | $19 |
| 301 | Public Adjuster | 100 | 120 min | $19 |
⚠ NEARLY A QUARTER OF SERIES 204 IS LOUISIANA LAWThe content outline weights Louisiana Insurance Regulation at 23% and the Adjustment Process at 17% — two fifths of the examination is state material and claims practice rather than policy forms. In a state that repealed its bad-faith statute in 2024 and rewrote the unfair trade practices Part in 2026, that weighting is the entire argument for studying CURRENT Louisiana law. And Series 206 exists because comp sits under Title 23 with OWCA, not under Title 22 with LDI.
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The 70 APPEARS to be a raw percentage — and “appears” is doing real work
Two PSI documents state it as a percentage correct — “70% Correct” and “Passing Score 70%” — and neither uses the word “scaled” anywhere. So Louisiana looks like a genuine percentage-correct state, putting the Series 204 pass at 105 of 150.
⚠ But three things keep it short of certain:
• The Series 204 outline is stamped “Effective 9/13/2016” — ten years old, predating every statute this course teaches
• PSI's current Louisiana bulletin declines to state the standard at all
• LDI publishes no scoring method anywhere
Treat 105 of 150 as the working assumption, not a guarantee. And no Louisiana statute or rule sets a passing score at all.
⚠ But three things keep it short of certain:
• The Series 204 outline is stamped “Effective 9/13/2016” — ten years old, predating every statute this course teaches
• PSI's current Louisiana bulletin declines to state the standard at all
• LDI publishes no scoring method anywhere
Treat 105 of 150 as the working assumption, not a guarantee. And no Louisiana statute or rule sets a passing score at all.
✅ THE SEQUENCE
1. FILE THE NIPR APPLICATION
2. FILE THE BACKGROUND CHECK AUTHORIZATION FORM — two documents, not one. This is the item people miss.
3. THEN book IdentoGO/Idemia.
⚠ AND THE CONSEQUENCE IS STATED PLAINLY
Fingerprints submitted before the application “will not be accepted or reviewed.”
§22:1664 permits a waiver where prints are already on file with the NAIC.
⚠ REGULATION 109 GIVES YOU 365 DAYS from passing the exam to apply for that line. Nothing in Title 22 will warn you.
FEES — LA. R.S. 22:821$75 first-time · $75 biennial renewal · $25 catastrophe or emergency registration · $50 for filing an adjuster renewal late. Prelicensing education is NOT required — Regulation 114 was repealed — ⚠ but Regulation 109 keeps a conditional sentence for lines that still carry a prelicensing requirement, which is why it is still on the books.
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Two years to your birth month — and the YEAR is set by your LICENSE NUMBER
§22:1671 makes renewal biennial and says nothing about birth months or even and odd years: “Every licensed claims adjuster shall file an application for renewal of his license every two years.” That is the whole of the statutory rule.
The machinery is regulatory — LAC §XIII-15515, Regulation 109. And ⚠ the split keys off the LAST DIGIT OF THE LICENSE NUMBER, not the birth year: an even last digit expires “on the last date of the birth month of the individual in even-numbered years.”
Two adjusters with the same birthday can renew in different years. Business entities instead expire 31 March. Renewal may be filed 90 days early.
The machinery is regulatory — LAC §XIII-15515, Regulation 109. And ⚠ the split keys off the LAST DIGIT OF THE LICENSE NUMBER, not the birth year: an even last digit expires “on the last date of the birth month of the individual in even-numbered years.”
Two adjusters with the same birthday can renew in different years. Business entities instead expire 31 March. Renewal may be filed 90 days early.
⚠ REINSTATEMENT IS ASYMMETRIC BETWEEN THE TWO PARTSA claims adjuster may reinstate within 24 MONTHS (§22:1671(F)) on proof of CE and payment of all fees due. A public adjuster gets 12 MONTHS, at DOUBLE the renewal fee (§22:1699). Same code, same chapter, two windows and two penalties. Check which Part your credential sits in before you count months.
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CE: 24 hours — two of them statutory, three of them regulatory
The 2 hours of legislative updates are STATUTORY — §22:1673, “with at least two hours dedicated to the subject of legislative updates in insurance law,” added by Acts 2025, No. 29.
The 3 hours of ethics are REGULATORY — Rule 10, not the statute.
CE is “reported on a biennial basis in conjunction with the license renewal cycle” — one clock, not two. Exempt: a first renewal, and a nonresident with reciprocal home-state credit.
⚠ THE CUTOVER IS NOT 31 JULY 2027. LDI says “effective with renewals of July 2027.” Because licenses expire on the last day of the birth month, only a July-birth-month licensee expires on 31 July. Stating it as a universal date misleads every student born in another month.
⚠ And LDI's published Rule 10 PDF is stamped November 2022 — it predates Acts 2025 No. 29 and does not carry the two-hour line at all.
The 3 hours of ethics are REGULATORY — Rule 10, not the statute.
CE is “reported on a biennial basis in conjunction with the license renewal cycle” — one clock, not two. Exempt: a first renewal, and a nonresident with reciprocal home-state credit.
⚠ THE CUTOVER IS NOT 31 JULY 2027. LDI says “effective with renewals of July 2027.” Because licenses expire on the last day of the birth month, only a July-birth-month licensee expires on 31 July. Stating it as a universal date misleads every student born in another month.
⚠ And LDI's published Rule 10 PDF is stamped November 2022 — it predates Acts 2025 No. 29 and does not carry the two-hour line at all.
Twenty-two statutory standards of conduct — and the twenty-second is described wrongly everywhere you will find it.
§22:1674.1 is the provision with no real counterpart in most states. It was created by Acts 2021, No. 402, the same act that repealed the old §22:1674, and Act 372 of 2026 added a twenty-second standard effective 1 August 2026.
§22:1674.1 is the provision with no real counterpart in most states. It was created by Acts 2021, No. 402, the same act that repealed the old §22:1674, and Act 372 of 2026 added a twenty-second standard effective 1 August 2026.
FOUR SUBSECTIONS, AND EACH DOES ONE JOB(A) the standards themselves · (B) the acknowledgment requirement · (C) enforcement · (D) no private right of action. ⚠ Acknowledgment is required at license issuance AND at every renewal — not once.
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Enforcement runs OUT of the adjuster Part — and the receiving end was amended in April
A violation of a standard “constitutes an unfair trade practice” enforceable by the commissioner, routing into §22:1964 and the penalties at §22:1969.
⚠ THAT IS THE HINGE BETWEEN THE TWO PARTS. Standards-of-conduct violations do not stay inside the adjuster Part — they are enforced through the Unfair Trade Practices Part.
And Act 32 of 2026 amended the receiving end of that hinge — §§22:1961, 1962, 1963 and 1968, plus new §22:1962(G) broadening “business of insurance” to reach “aiding in the resolution of a claim.” Signed and effective 30 April 2026 — and the running statute pages do not yet show it.
Subsection (D) is the limit: the standards do not create a private right of action. They are a regulatory obligation enforced by the commissioner — not a cause of action for a policyholder.
⚠ THAT IS THE HINGE BETWEEN THE TWO PARTS. Standards-of-conduct violations do not stay inside the adjuster Part — they are enforced through the Unfair Trade Practices Part.
And Act 32 of 2026 amended the receiving end of that hinge — §§22:1961, 1962, 1963 and 1968, plus new §22:1962(G) broadening “business of insurance” to reach “aiding in the resolution of a claim.” Signed and effective 30 April 2026 — and the running statute pages do not yet show it.
Subsection (D) is the limit: the standards do not create a private right of action. They are a regulatory obligation enforced by the commissioner — not a cause of action for a policyholder.
📜 WHAT THE CAPTION SAYS
⚖ WHAT THE STATUTE SAYS
The legislature's one-line subject entry for Act 372 of 2026:
“Requires the inclusion of the license number of adjusters and appraisers in all written communications.”
“Requires the inclusion of the license number of adjusters and appraisers in all written communications.”
§22:1674.1(A)(22), as enacted:
“…in all electronic communications to the insured other than text messages composed and sent as part of his business or employment.”
“…in all electronic communications to the insured other than text messages composed and sent as part of his business or employment.”
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Three differences, and every one of them is operative
• ELECTRONIC, not written — so paper correspondence is outside it.
• TO THE INSURED — not to every recipient.
• TEXT MESSAGES ARE EXPRESSLY CARVED OUT.
⚠ The official Resume Digest sides with the enacted text. A source that quotes the act's title has stated a duty broader than the one the legislature passed.
It is not confined to claims adjusters — the same act enacted parallel duties for public adjusters at §22:1706(H)(12) and appraisers at §22:1807.16(D)(5). There is no express effective-date section, so it took effect 1 August 2026 by constitutional default, and the penalty comes from the host statute — §22:1674.1(C).
• TO THE INSURED — not to every recipient.
• TEXT MESSAGES ARE EXPRESSLY CARVED OUT.
⚠ The official Resume Digest sides with the enacted text. A source that quotes the act's title has stated a duty broader than the one the legislature passed.
It is not confined to claims adjusters — the same act enacted parallel duties for public adjusters at §22:1706(H)(12) and appraisers at §22:1807.16(D)(5). There is no express effective-date section, so it took effect 1 August 2026 by constitutional default, and the penalty comes from the host statute — §22:1674.1(C).
⚠ AND THIS IS WHY THE COUNT OF STANDARDS CHANGEDEvery source that counts them says twenty-one, and until 31 July 2026 that was right. Act 372 added (A)(22). A compliance checklist printing “21 standards” is describing the law as it stood a few weeks ago — and the new one applies to routine correspondence, so it is not an obscure addition. When a caption and an enacted text disagree, the text wins.
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Catastrophe adjusting — the INSURER registers you, and there is a 90-day extension nobody mentions
§22:1667 is a REGISTRATION, not a license, and LDI states it directly: registration “must be filed by the insurer or their designee.” Filing is by spreadsheet upload through LDI's Industry Access system.
• $25 per adjuster — fixed by §22:821, which §22:1667 cross-references
• Effective immediately on submission, valid 180 DAYS
• ⚠ PLUS a further 90 days at the commissioner's discretion — “The commissioner may extend the term for an additional period of ninety days.” In the statute, and omitted from almost every summary.
• Handbook certification within TEN DAYS OF REGISTRATION — ⚠ from registration, not from arrival in the state
• The instrument in force is the 2026 Edition; the INSURER retains the certifications
⚠ The handbook regime is NEWER than the registration regime. Acts 2022, No. 575 — HB 935, effective 1 January 2023 — added the handbook on top of an existing scheme. A source describing registration without the handbook is describing the law before 2023.
• $25 per adjuster — fixed by §22:821, which §22:1667 cross-references
• Effective immediately on submission, valid 180 DAYS
• ⚠ PLUS a further 90 days at the commissioner's discretion — “The commissioner may extend the term for an additional period of ninety days.” In the statute, and omitted from almost every summary.
• Handbook certification within TEN DAYS OF REGISTRATION — ⚠ from registration, not from arrival in the state
• The instrument in force is the 2026 Edition; the INSURER retains the certifications
⚠ The handbook regime is NEWER than the registration regime. Acts 2022, No. 575 — HB 935, effective 1 January 2023 — added the handbook on top of an existing scheme. A source describing registration without the handbook is describing the law before 2023.
⚠ PUBLIC ADJUSTERS — STRICTER IN THREE WAYS
CONTINGENCY FEES ARE NOT CAPPED — THEY ARE FORBIDDEN. §22:1703 bars compensation “contingent upon, or calculated as a percentage of, the amount of any claim,” and declares such a contract “against public policy and is null and void.” Most states cap at ten or fifteen percent.
UNLICENSED PUBLIC ADJUSTING IS A CRIME. §22:1693 is captioned “License required; crime of unauthorized public adjusting.”
$50,000 FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY — §22:1701, by security bond or irrevocable letter of credit.
✅ AND THE REST OF PART V
RECORDS: 5 YEARS — §22:1705, “at least five years after the termination of the transaction with an insured.”
STANDARDS OF CONDUCT: §22:1706, amended by Acts 2025, No. 144 and extended again by Act 372 of 2026.
EXAM: SERIES 301 — 100 questions, 120 minutes, and confined to a single line rather than the seven on the claims side.
On 1 July 2024 Louisiana stopped having two claims statutes and started having one.
Acts 2024, No. 3 did both halves in a single instrument. Section 2 repealed La. R.S. 22:1973. Section 1 amended La. R.S. 22:1892, whose catchline now reads “Payment and adjustment of claims … good faith duty; breach of good faith duty …”
Acts 2024, No. 3 did both halves in a single instrument. Section 2 repealed La. R.S. 22:1973. Section 1 amended La. R.S. 22:1892, whose catchline now reads “Payment and adjustment of claims … good faith duty; breach of good faith duty …”
THE DUTY NOW SITS IN §22:1892(I) AND (J)(I): “An insurer owes to its insured a duty of good faith and fair dealing,” with affirmative duties “to adjust claims fairly and promptly and to make a reasonable effort to settle claims.” (J) imposes a reciprocal duty on the INSURED — and it is more than symbolic: J(4) provides that “the trier of fact shall consider” the insured's conduct in deciding penalties or attorney fees, and J(5) preserves the insurer's other rights “including … the right to void the policy or contract or deny coverage.”
| # | Under the repealed §22:1973 | Under §22:1892(I) today |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | “any general or special damages to which a claimant is entitled” | “any proven ECONOMIC damages sustained as a result of the breach” |
| 2 | TWO TIMES the damages | “not to exceed fifty percent of the damages sustained or five thousand dollars, whichever is greater” |
| 3 | A 60-DAY enumerated breach | ⚠ “within the period provided by law following receipt of satisfactory proof of loss” |
| 4 | Applied across the board | “For claims not involving loss to an insured's immovable property” — property claims routed to §22:1892(B) or §22:1892.2 |
| 5 | Excluded health and accident | ⚠ K excludes “LIFE and health and accident” — statutory bad faith on a life policy is GONE |
| 6 | Ran in favor of a claimant | Penalties awarded to “the insured” |
| 7 | One of TWO statutes | One statute, one framework |
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Say “the period provided by law.” Never “sixty days.”
Item 3 is the trap most likely to survive into a course. The sixty-day yardstick did not vanish into nothing — it became a CROSS-REFERENCE.
Printing “60 days” states a number the statute deliberately stopped stating.
⚠ And item 6 is a TENSION, not a conclusion. The penalty sentence awards to “the insured.” But the duty sentence in the same subsection says “to make a reasonable effort to settle claims with the insured or the claimant, or both,” and I(2)'s enumerated breaches are not limited to the insured. Two readings remain open on the face of the text. Learn the tension.
Printing “60 days” states a number the statute deliberately stopped stating.
⚠ And item 6 is a TENSION, not a conclusion. The penalty sentence awards to “the insured.” But the duty sentence in the same subsection says “to make a reasonable effort to settle claims with the insured or the claimant, or both,” and I(2)'s enumerated breaches are not limited to the insured. Two readings remain open on the face of the text. Learn the tension.
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And one provision is BRAND NEW — a bodily-injury bar with three triggers
Act 932 of 2026 inserted a new §22:1892(I)(3) and pushed the representative-immunity clause down to I(4).
I(3) — no cause of action against an insurer “in a claim for personal injury or bodily injury” where:
(a) “There is a good faith dispute as to liability”;
(b) “There is a good faith dispute as to medical causation for the injuries alleged”; or
(c) “An offer has not been presented … within the applicable policy limits, and the insurer has been given at least thirty days to respond.”
I(4) (formerly I(3)) — “shall not create a separate cause of action against a representative of the insurer.”
⚠ I(3) is the most consequential thing in the 2026 session for a liability adjuster — and any source citing “I(3)” for representative immunity is using the pre-August-2026 numbering.
I(3) — no cause of action against an insurer “in a claim for personal injury or bodily injury” where:
(a) “There is a good faith dispute as to liability”;
(b) “There is a good faith dispute as to medical causation for the injuries alleged”; or
(c) “An offer has not been presented … within the applicable policy limits, and the insurer has been given at least thirty days to respond.”
I(4) (formerly I(3)) — “shall not create a separate cause of action against a representative of the insurer.”
⚠ I(3) is the most consequential thing in the 2026 session for a liability adjuster — and any source citing “I(3)” for representative immunity is using the pre-August-2026 numbering.
§22:1892 NOW RUNS A THROUGH K — AND ACT 932 ADDED (L)⚠ Any source describing the section as ending at (J) is pre-August 2026. Two companion sections sit alongside it: §22:1892.2 “Catastrophic loss claims settlement practices” — the track that I(1)(b) routes immovable-property claims into — and §22:1893 “Claims involving immovable property.”
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This is why the DATE on a Louisiana source matters more than its citations
A treatise, a CLE paper or a claims manual written before July 2024 will describe §22:1892 and §22:1973 working in tandem — penalties under one, bad faith under the other.
Every citation in it will resolve. Every one of them will be to a framework that no longer exists.
Check the publication date first, then the citations.
Every citation in it will resolve. Every one of them will be to a framework that no longer exists.
Check the publication date first, then the citations.
THE UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES PART — COMMISSIONER ENFORCEMENT ONLYThe Part is §§22:1961–1972: 1961 Purpose · 1962 Definitions · 1963 Unfair methods prohibited · 1964 Methods defined as unfair · 1967 Power of the commissioner · 1968 Notice of hearing · 1969 Violations; penalties · 1970 Cease and desist · 1971 Civil immunity · 1972 Report. ⚠ The Part gives NO private right of action. Enforcement is by the commissioner — a policyholder's remedies run through §22:1892, not through this Part.
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The direct action statute inverted on 1 August 2024
For generations Louisiana was THE direct action state. Acts 2024, No. 275 rewrote R.S. 22:1269(B)(1), and the act's markup shows the pivot in a single word — “shall have a no right of direct action”, with “a” struck and “no” inserted:
“The injured person … shall have no right of direct action against the insurer unless at least one of the following applies.”
The seven exceptions: (a) the insured files for bankruptcy · (b) “The insured is insolvent” · (c) service attempted without success, or refusal to defend within 180 days · (d) an offense or quasi-offense between children and parents, or between married persons · (e) “the insurer is an uninsured motorist carrier” · (f) “The insured is deceased” · ⚠ (g) “when the insurer is defending the lawsuit under a reservation of rights, or the insurer denies coverage … but only for the purpose of establishing coverage.”
⚠ And even inside an exception the insurer stays OFF the caption. B(4)(a): “An insurer shall not be included in the caption.” B(4)(b) bars disclosing coverage to the jury.
“The injured person … shall have no right of direct action against the insurer unless at least one of the following applies.”
The seven exceptions: (a) the insured files for bankruptcy · (b) “The insured is insolvent” · (c) service attempted without success, or refusal to defend within 180 days · (d) an offense or quasi-offense between children and parents, or between married persons · (e) “the insurer is an uninsured motorist carrier” · (f) “The insured is deceased” · ⚠ (g) “when the insurer is defending the lawsuit under a reservation of rights, or the insurer denies coverage … but only for the purpose of establishing coverage.”
⚠ And even inside an exception the insurer stays OFF the caption. B(4)(a): “An insurer shall not be included in the caption.” B(4)(b) bars disclosing coverage to the jury.
⚠⚠ (g) IS THE ADJUSTER'S DOORIssuing a reservation of rights, or denying coverage, OPENS a direct action that would otherwise be closed. A coverage-position decision now carries a litigation-posture consequence it did not carry before August 2024. That is the single most adjuster-relevant sentence in the statute — and it did not exist two years ago.
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A LIVE statute still points at the old rule — and at a repealed section
A common claim is that the 2020 tort reform curtailed the direct action statute. It did not.
Acts 2020, No. 37 amended C.C.P. arts. 1732, 1733(A) and 4873(1) and C.E. art. 411, enacted R.S. 9:2800.27, and repealed R.S. 32:295.1(E). §22:1269 is not among them.
But it did MENTION it — inside the new R.S. 9:2800.27, which speaks of an action “against the insurer alone pursuant to R.S. 22:1269(B)(1)(a) through (f).”
⚠ THAT CROSS-REFERENCE IS NOW DOUBLY STALE ON ITS OWN FACE. It names (a) through (f) — six exceptions — because the seventh did not yet exist. And it also names §22:1973, which was repealed in 2024.
R.S. 9:2800.27 is current law carrying a dead pointer, and nothing in the text warns you. When a statute cross-references another by subsection letter, check the target's current lettering. The target moves; the pointer does not.
Acts 2020, No. 37 amended C.C.P. arts. 1732, 1733(A) and 4873(1) and C.E. art. 411, enacted R.S. 9:2800.27, and repealed R.S. 32:295.1(E). §22:1269 is not among them.
But it did MENTION it — inside the new R.S. 9:2800.27, which speaks of an action “against the insurer alone pursuant to R.S. 22:1269(B)(1)(a) through (f).”
⚠ THAT CROSS-REFERENCE IS NOW DOUBLY STALE ON ITS OWN FACE. It names (a) through (f) — six exceptions — because the seventh did not yet exist. And it also names §22:1973, which was repealed in 2024.
R.S. 9:2800.27 is current law carrying a dead pointer, and nothing in the text warns you. When a statute cross-references another by subsection letter, check the target's current lettering. The target moves; the pointer does not.
The clocks, the penalties, and the rule Louisiana is famous for — which now says the opposite.
Louisiana's claim deadlines are statutory rather than regulatory, and several were rewritten between 2021 and 2026. Then there is the direct action statute, which inverted on 1 August 2024 — and one of its seven exceptions is opened by an adjuster's own coverage decision.
Louisiana's claim deadlines are statutory rather than regulatory, and several were rewritten between 2021 and 2026. Then there is the direct action statute, which inverted on 1 August 2024 — and one of its seven exceptions is opened by an adjuster's own coverage decision.
CALENDAR DAYS BUSINESS DAYS
| Duty | Clock | Where |
|---|---|---|
| PAY after satisfactory proof of loss | 30 DAYS | B(1)(a) — ⚠ the flat number now survives only in the penalty paragraph |
| INITIATE LOSS ADJUSTMENT — property damage | 14 DAYS | A(3) |
| INITIATE LOSS ADJUSTMENT — catastrophic loss | 30 DAYS | A(3) |
| WRITTEN SETTLEMENT OFFER — property damage | 30 DAYS | A |
| FIELD ADJUSTER REPORT on request | 15 DAYS | A |
| RENTAL VEHICLE when the insured requests one | 3 BUSINESS | A — added by Acts 2025, No. 500 |
| PROCESS A CHECK OR DRAFT | 3 CALENDAR | A |
| PROOF-OF-LOSS FORM to the claimant | 10 BUSINESS | §22:1892.3 |
| COMPLETE-OR-INCOMPLETE determination on that form | 10 BUSINESS | §22:1892.3 |
THE PENALTIES50% of the damages or $1,000, whichever greater — for a delay found arbitrary, capricious, or without probable cause · 10% or $2,500 on vehicle claims · 50% of rental expenses or $2,500 · $200 or 15% of the face amount on check processing · repair shop fines escalating $1,000 / $2,500 / $5,000.
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The failure-to-initiate penalty is NOT a flat $5,000 — and it is not in subsection B
It sits in A(3) — the same paragraph as the 14 and 30-day duties — and it reads “the greater of five thousand dollars or the amount provided for in Subsection I.”
⚠ So the 2024 merger made the loss-adjustment penalty FLOAT against the new good-faith subsection rather than standing as a fixed figure. Printing “$5,000” states a floor as though it were the number.
⚠ And A(4) no longer states a flat thirty days at all. Acts 2024, No. 3 rewrote it as a cross-reference to “the applicable number of days … pursuant to this Section or R.S. 22:1892.2,” plus an early-adjustment credit.
⚠ So the 2024 merger made the loss-adjustment penalty FLOAT against the new good-faith subsection rather than standing as a fixed figure. Printing “$5,000” states a floor as though it were the number.
⚠ And A(4) no longer states a flat thirty days at all. Acts 2024, No. 3 rewrote it as a cross-reference to “the applicable number of days … pursuant to this Section or R.S. 22:1892.2,” plus an early-adjustment credit.
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PRESCRIPTION, not limitations — and the tort period doubled
Louisiana is a civil law state. The word is prescription, and the kind that bars a claim is liberative. Saying “statute of limitations” in a Louisiana answer is a tell.
• Delictual (tort): TWO YEARS — C.C. art. 3493.11, from “the day injury or damage is sustained”
• Personal action (suit on an insurance contract): 10 years — art. 3499
• §22:1892(B) penalties and fees: 2 years — §22:1892(B)(7)
⚠ THE ARTICLE NUMBER ALMOST EVERYONE CITES IS WRONG. Acts 2024, No. 423 enacted arts. 3493.11 and 3493.12 and REPEALED arts. 3492 and 3493. The new article is 3493.11 — not 3493.1 — and the same act redesignated art. 3493.10 as art. 3493.3.
⚠ AND IT IS PROSPECTIVE ONLY. It applies to actions “arising after” 1 July 2024. So a loss on 30 June 2024 is still a ONE-YEAR claim under the repealed art. 3492. For several years yet, the date of the loss decides the period.
• Delictual (tort): TWO YEARS — C.C. art. 3493.11, from “the day injury or damage is sustained”
• Personal action (suit on an insurance contract): 10 years — art. 3499
• §22:1892(B) penalties and fees: 2 years — §22:1892(B)(7)
⚠ THE ARTICLE NUMBER ALMOST EVERYONE CITES IS WRONG. Acts 2024, No. 423 enacted arts. 3493.11 and 3493.12 and REPEALED arts. 3492 and 3493. The new article is 3493.11 — not 3493.1 — and the same act redesignated art. 3493.10 as art. 3493.3.
⚠ AND IT IS PROSPECTIVE ONLY. It applies to actions “arising after” 1 July 2024. So a loss on 30 June 2024 is still a ONE-YEAR claim under the repealed art. 3492. For several years yet, the date of the loss decides the period.
⚠ THE TEN YEARS IS THEORETICAL ON ALMOST EVERY LIVE FILERead art. 3499's opening words: “Unless otherwise provided by legislation, a personal action is subject to a liberative prescription of ten years.” R.S. 22:868(B) is exactly that legislation — it permits a policy to limit suit to no less than 24 months (first-party, enumerated classes) or one year (all other insurances), “unless otherwise specifically provided in this Code.” Virtually every Louisiana policy takes that up. Read the policy's suit-limitation clause, not art. 3499. And since Act 876 of 2026, partial or unconditional payments no longer buy time.
AUTOMOBILE — A FAULT STATE WITH NO PIP, PROVED BY ENUMERATIONR.S. 32:900(B)(2) enumerates exactly three compulsory items and stops. Minimum limits are $15,000 / $30,000 / $25,000 — “fifteen thousand dollars because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident,” thirty thousand subject to that per-person limit, twenty-five thousand for property damage. ⚠ They have NOT recently increased — a confirmed negative, not an absence of news. No Pay, No Play — R.S. 32:866 bars an uninsured owner-operator from the first tranche of damages; amended by Acts 2025, No. 16. Act 327 of 2026 created the Louisiana Motor Vehicle Glass Law, and Act 159 prohibits a rating factor in an auto rate filing.
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PROPERTY — a strong valued policy law, and the clearest example of why you read the act
The valued policy law is La. R.S. 22:1318, formerly §22:695. It is one of the strongest in the country — ⚠ but read its trigger precisely: it turns on TOTAL LOSS BY FIRE, with stated exceptions. It is not a general total-loss rule for every peril.
§22:1893 governs claims involving IMMOVABLE PROPERTY — Louisiana's civil law term for real property — and it is where the 2024 merger routes property claims out of §22:1892(I).
⚠ AND HERE IS THE CLEAREST SINGLE EXAMPLE OF THE CURRENCY PROBLEM. Act 848 of 2026 changed the Standard Fire Policy cancellation notice from THIRTY days to SIXTY. R.S. 22:1311(F)(2) still reads “thirty-day written notice of cancellation.”
Quote thirty days from the statute page today and you are quoting law superseded four months ago — and the page gives you no signal at all.
Acts 2025, No. 500 also let an insurer condition a replacement cost holdback on reasonable proof the deductible was paid. Act 319 of 2026 covers the Stated Value Homeowner's Policy Act; Act 416 covers emergency assessments for Louisiana Citizens, the residual market insurer.
§22:1893 governs claims involving IMMOVABLE PROPERTY — Louisiana's civil law term for real property — and it is where the 2024 merger routes property claims out of §22:1892(I).
⚠ AND HERE IS THE CLEAREST SINGLE EXAMPLE OF THE CURRENCY PROBLEM. Act 848 of 2026 changed the Standard Fire Policy cancellation notice from THIRTY days to SIXTY. R.S. 22:1311(F)(2) still reads “thirty-day written notice of cancellation.”
Quote thirty days from the statute page today and you are quoting law superseded four months ago — and the page gives you no signal at all.
Acts 2025, No. 500 also let an insurer condition a replacement cost holdback on reasonable proof the deductible was paid. Act 319 of 2026 covers the Stated Value Homeowner's Policy Act; Act 416 covers emergency assessments for Louisiana Citizens, the residual market insurer.
⚠ LIGA — AN ELIGIBILITY FLOOR, NOT A DEDUCTIBLEThere is NO claimant deductible. What Louisiana has is a $101 ELIGIBILITY FLOOR — a different mechanism. A deductible reduces what is paid on a qualifying claim; an eligibility floor decides whether the claim qualifies at all. ⚠ And workers' compensation claims are PAID IN FULL — there is no $500,000 cap on them, contrary to a figure that circulates.
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WORKERS' COMPENSATION — a different regulator, a different Title, and two clocks on one sheet
Louisiana administers comp through the Office of Workers' Compensation Administration in the Louisiana Workforce Commission, under TITLE 23 — not through LDI under Title 22. Keep the Titles apart: 22 is the Insurance Code, 23 is the compensation act. ⚠ That split is why Louisiana has a standalone Series 206 examination.
Benefit limits are set under La. R.S. 23:1202 and published annually by OWCA:
• 1 Sept 2025 – 31 Aug 2026 (in force today): SAWW $1,169.61 · max $877.00 · min $234.00
• 1 Sept 2026 – 31 Aug 2027: SAWW $1,204.02 · max $903.00 · min $241.00
Mileage is $0.76 per mile, “effective July 1, 2026 per LA R.S. 23:1203 D.” ⚠ TWO CLOCKS ON ONE SHEET — benefits change 1 SEPTEMBER, mileage changed 1 JULY.
Act 648 of 2026 amended R.S. 23:1311 and 23:1314(E)(1) — a comp claims statute from the same session.
Benefit limits are set under La. R.S. 23:1202 and published annually by OWCA:
• 1 Sept 2025 – 31 Aug 2026 (in force today): SAWW $1,169.61 · max $877.00 · min $234.00
• 1 Sept 2026 – 31 Aug 2027: SAWW $1,204.02 · max $903.00 · min $241.00
Mileage is $0.76 per mile, “effective July 1, 2026 per LA R.S. 23:1203 D.” ⚠ TWO CLOCKS ON ONE SHEET — benefits change 1 SEPTEMBER, mileage changed 1 JULY.
Act 648 of 2026 amended R.S. 23:1311 and 23:1314(E)(1) — a comp claims statute from the same session.
⚠ AND THE MINIMUM IS NOT A FLOOR ON WHAT A LOW-WAGE CLAIMANT RECEIVESOWCA's sheet closes with a sentence that changes what the number means: “ACTUAL WAGES ARE TO BE PAID IF THE WAGES ARE LESS THAN THE MINIMUM.” So $234.00 yields to actual wages when those are lower. A course printing the minimum without that sentence overstates what a part-time claimant is owed. ⚠ And the table turns over on 1 September — OWCA publishes the successor on the same sheet ahead of time, so any figure you quote must be labeled with the period it belongs to.
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Top Exam Tips — Louisiana Adjuster Regulations
1. THE STATUTE SITE IS A SESSION BEHIND. Current through 2025 only. For 2026 subjects, read the ACT. And currency is per section — §22:868's page stops at 2020.
2. TWO-GENERATION CITATION TRAP. §22:1220 is pre-2009; §22:1973 is pre-July-2024. Both resolve; neither is law. ⚠ §22:1675 is the renumbering outlier — it came from §22:1453.
3. BAD FAITH IS NOW §22:1892(I) AND (J). Economic damages only; 50% or $5,000; life policies excluded by K. Say “the period provided by law,” never sixty days.
4. NEW I(3) IS A BODILY-INJURY BAR with three triggers; representative immunity is now I(4).
5. DIRECT ACTION IS EXCEPTION-ONLY since 1 Aug 2024 — seven doors, and (g) is opened by a reservation of rights or a denial. The insurer stays off the caption.
6. 22 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT, acknowledged at issuance and every renewal; no private right of action under (D).
7. ACT 372'S CAPTION SAYS “WRITTEN”; THE STATUTE SAYS “ELECTRONIC … TO THE INSURED … OTHER THAN TEXT MESSAGES.”
8. SEVEN EXAMINATIONS. Series 204 is 150 / 160 min / $36, and 23% of it is Louisiana law. The 70 appears raw — but the outline is stamped 2016.
9. TERM: 2 years to your birth month, YEAR SET BY THE LAST DIGIT OF THE LICENSE NUMBER. Reinstatement 24 months / 12 months at double.
10. CE 24 HOURS — 2 legislative STATUTORY, 3 ethics REGULATORY. Cutover is “renewals of July 2027.”
11. CATASTROPHE: the INSURER files. $25 · 180 days · +90. Handbook certification 10 days FROM REGISTRATION.
12. PUBLIC ADJUSTERS: contingency fees NULL AND VOID; unlicensed practice is a CRIME; $50,000 security; 5-year records.
13. PRESCRIPTION, not limitations. 2 years delictual (art. 3493.11, PROSPECTIVE ONLY); 10 years contract — yielding to §22:868(B).
14. FAULT STATE, NO PIP. $15k / $30k / $25k. Valued policy = total loss BY FIRE. Fire policy notice is now 60 days.
15. LIGA: $101 ELIGIBILITY FLOOR, not a deductible; comp claims PAID IN FULL. Comp max $877.00 to 31 Aug 2026 — and actual wages are paid if lower than the minimum.
2. TWO-GENERATION CITATION TRAP. §22:1220 is pre-2009; §22:1973 is pre-July-2024. Both resolve; neither is law. ⚠ §22:1675 is the renumbering outlier — it came from §22:1453.
3. BAD FAITH IS NOW §22:1892(I) AND (J). Economic damages only; 50% or $5,000; life policies excluded by K. Say “the period provided by law,” never sixty days.
4. NEW I(3) IS A BODILY-INJURY BAR with three triggers; representative immunity is now I(4).
5. DIRECT ACTION IS EXCEPTION-ONLY since 1 Aug 2024 — seven doors, and (g) is opened by a reservation of rights or a denial. The insurer stays off the caption.
6. 22 STANDARDS OF CONDUCT, acknowledged at issuance and every renewal; no private right of action under (D).
7. ACT 372'S CAPTION SAYS “WRITTEN”; THE STATUTE SAYS “ELECTRONIC … TO THE INSURED … OTHER THAN TEXT MESSAGES.”
8. SEVEN EXAMINATIONS. Series 204 is 150 / 160 min / $36, and 23% of it is Louisiana law. The 70 appears raw — but the outline is stamped 2016.
9. TERM: 2 years to your birth month, YEAR SET BY THE LAST DIGIT OF THE LICENSE NUMBER. Reinstatement 24 months / 12 months at double.
10. CE 24 HOURS — 2 legislative STATUTORY, 3 ethics REGULATORY. Cutover is “renewals of July 2027.”
11. CATASTROPHE: the INSURER files. $25 · 180 days · +90. Handbook certification 10 days FROM REGISTRATION.
12. PUBLIC ADJUSTERS: contingency fees NULL AND VOID; unlicensed practice is a CRIME; $50,000 security; 5-year records.
13. PRESCRIPTION, not limitations. 2 years delictual (art. 3493.11, PROSPECTIVE ONLY); 10 years contract — yielding to §22:868(B).
14. FAULT STATE, NO PIP. $15k / $30k / $25k. Valued policy = total loss BY FIRE. Fire policy notice is now 60 days.
15. LIGA: $101 ELIGIBILITY FLOOR, not a deductible; comp claims PAID IN FULL. Comp max $877.00 to 31 Aug 2026 — and actual wages are paid if lower than the minimum.
Ten Louisiana fact patterns — the traps, not the definitions.
Most turn on the same thing: a source that resolves, and is no longer law. Read the feedback even when you are right.
Most turn on the same thing: a source that resolves, and is no longer law. Read the feedback even when you are right.
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